Argentine Republic

Argentine Republic
Flag Logo/Coat
Motto:  "En Union y Libertad" (official) "In Unity and Freedom" (Translated)
Map
Capital		Esquel
Largest city		Buenos Aires
Official languages		Spanish
National language		Spanish
Demonym		Argentine
Government		Federal presidential constitutional republic
-	President	Bernardo Grabosky
-	Vice President	Angel Pautazzo
-	Speaker of the House	German Medina
-	Chief Justice	Jorge Ainqueo
Legislature		Congress
-	Upper house	Senate
-	Lower house	House of Representatives
Independence (From Spain)
-	Declared	25 May, 1810
-	Recognized	9 July, 1816
-	Constitution	1 May, 1853
Area
-	Total	- km2
-	Water (%)	-
Population
-	2045 estimate	129,500,000
-	Density	-
GDP (PPP)		2045 Estimate
-	Total	$2.800 Trillion
-	Per capita	$21.601 aprox.
GDP (nominal)		2045 Estimate
-	Total	$1.840 Trillion
-	Per capita	$13,899 aprox.
Gini (2045)		37.15  medium
HDI (2044)		0.922 very high
Currency		Argentine Peso
Time zone		(UTC−4 to −3)
-	Summer (DST)	(UTC−3 to −2)
Drives on the		right
Calling code		+54
ISO 3166 code		AR
Internet TLD		.ar

Argentine Republic

General Overview

Hi.

Location,Geography and Resources

Argentina is located in the Southern Tip of South America,from Buenos Aires to Ushuahia,the highest point in the country is Aconcagua,at  6.962 Meters it's the highest point outside Asia and 2nd in the world so far.The lowest point is Laguna Del Carbon,in Santa Cruz at -108 Meters.Laguna del Carbon also poses an paleonteological interest.

Argentina's Resources are varied,the main economical source in the east is Ganadery,followed by the Oil & Natural Gas industry,in the West and Capital Region Tourism,Minery,Ganadery,Agriculture and Fishing are the main economical activities.In the Central Meseta,where rainfall is lower than 300mm/year Ganadery and Minery (Principaly Uranium and Iron) are dominant.In the Pampas,where rain is more than 1000/mm year Agriculture and Ganadery are

Guanacos near Torres Del Paine.

obviously dominant.In Mendoza Province and some parts on the West Region vineries are important,producing excellent quality wine.

History

Due to no diplomatic intervention from the British Empire, Argentina succefully annexed Uruguay in the Cisplatine War of 1828 after signing a peace treaty.

In 1932, Peru declared war on Chile for vengeance on the Pacific war which ended in the Peruvian conquest of Northern Chile.

After a series of intertwined Military and Civilian governments between after 1930 supported by voting fraud, a coup in June 1943 ended this series of fraudulent presidents.

Colonel Juan Perón, who ran the small labor ministry of the coupist government became Argentina's president in 1946 supported by the working class and rapidly growing Labor Unions.

His ideology, based on a 'Third Position' between Capitalism and Communism, would become the bases of the Peronist movement, with emphasis on nationalism and the growth of the national industry with policies supporting the workers, such as welfare. At the same time, voting rights to females were granted by Eva Perón, the president's popular wife.

However, after an economic crisis beginning in the 1950's worsened the country's panorama, Perón was overthrown by a coup in the 1955. From this year up into 1973, the presidency would be passed from military governments to conditioned UCR—Union Civica Radical, the 2nd biggest party in Argentina back then—presidents.

Juan Perón's return to the country (And the presidency) in 1973 gave hope to the Argentine people, but left-wing terrorism and infighting between the Leftist and Rightist factions of the Peronist movement produced hundreds of terrorist attacks and victims. This only worsened after Perón died in 1974 and his third wife and vicepresident, Maria Estela Martinez, succeded him.

Maria Estela Martinez was deposed by a Military Coup in 1976. The resulting regime would prove to be the bloodiest of the list, with thousands of people disappeared by the state forces. In 1979, under the guise of Anti-Communism, Argentina launched an invasion of the People's Republic of Brazil. While it was initially successful, it quickly went wrong and resulted in a defeat for Argentina.

Democracy returned in 1981, and the country enjoyed relative stability until 2015, when a general economic downturn combined with corruption charges against all major parties turned the General Public apathetic, even angry, to politics. This continued through Cristina Fernandez's government to Mauricio Macri's (2019) government, until he resigned in 2021 after protests.

Ernesto Sánz, Macri's vicepresident, managed to recover the nation's economy through a series of liberal reforms to the country, including welfare cuts and limited privatizations. This was unpopular, though.

Florecio Randazzo won the 2023 elections, but broke his campaign promises and continued Ernesto Sánz's liberal government policies. Randazzo's presidential career was finally ended after Argentina suffered defeat to the combined forces of Brazil and Peru, losing vast spaces of northern territory. Sergio Uñac, his vicepresident, succeded him.

Uñac established communications with the authorities of the also defeated Chile; the result was the creation of the treaty that joined the Chilean Republic to Argentina, in exchange for some autonomy and the combination of forces against the Peruvian-Brazilian alliance. After a brief government by a state council, Sergio Uñac won the 2028 elections.

Cities

Largest Population, Top 10:

1. Buenos Aires Metropolitan Aerea: 13,950,000
2. Santiago Metropolitan Aerea: 5,428,590
3. Cordoba City : 1,372,000
4. Montevideo Metropolitan Aerea: 1,319,108
5. Rosario: 1,242,000
6. Mendoza: 885,000
7. Valparaiso: 803,683
8. La Plata: 732,000
9. Concepcion : 666,381
10. Mar Del Plata: 604,000

Other important cities:

Esquel

Neuquen

San Carlos de Bariloche

Magellanic Penguins near Punta Tombo.

Goverment

Argentina is a Federal Presidential Representative Democratic Republic.

List of Argentine Presidents

Principal Political Parties

Partido Nuevo Comienzo (Ruling Party)

Justicialist Party

Socialists' Worker's Party

Unión Civica Radical

Several regional parties through the country.

Congress

-

Provinces:

 Argentina's Provinces

Culture

Argentina offers a variety of Cultures:

Look on Wikipedia.

Transportation

Argentina has the largest railway system in Latin America, with 42,000 km of operating lines out of a full network of almost 55,000 km .This system links all 23 provinces plus Buenos Aires City, and connects with all neighboring countries.There are four incompatible gauges in use; this forces virtually all interregional freight traffic to pass through Buenos Aires. The system has been in decline since the 1940s: regularly running up large budgetary deficits, by 1991 it was transporting 1400 times less merchandise than it did in 1973. Buenos Aires, all provincial capitals except Ushuaia, and all medium-sized towns are interconnected by 80,000 km  of paved roads, out of a total road network of 310,000 km . Most important cities are linked by a growing number of expressways, including Buenos Aires–La Plata, Rosario–Córdoba, Córdoba–Villa Carlos Paz, Villa Mercedes–Mendoza, National Route 14 General José Gervasio Artigas and Provincial Route 2 Juan Manuel Fangio, among others. Nevertheless this road infrastructure is still inadequate and cannot handle the sharply growing demand caused by deterioration of the railway system. There are about 11,000 km  of waterways, mostly comprising the La Plata, Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay rivers, with Buenos Aires, Zárate, Campana, Rosario, San Lorenzo, Santa Fe, Barranqueras and San Nicolas de los Arroyos as the main fluvial ports. Some of the largest sea ports are La Plata–Ensenada, Bahia Blanca, Mar del Plata, Quequén–Necochea, Comodoro Rivadavia, Puerto Deseado, Puerto Madryn, Ushuaia and San Antonio Oeste. Buenos Aires has historically been the most important port; however since the 1990s the Up-River port region has become dominant: stretching along 67 km (42 mi) of the Paraná river shore in Santa Fe Province, it includes 17 ports and in 2013 accounted for 50% of all exports.  As of 2013 there are 159 airports with paved runways out of more than a thousand. The Ezeiza International Airport, about 35 km (22 mi) from downtown Buenos Aires, is the largest in the country, followed by Cataratas del Iguazú in Misiones, and El Plumerillo in Mendoza.Aeroparque, in the city of Buenos Aires, is the most important domestic airport.

Education and Healthcare

Average Life expectancy is 83.50 Years (2045)

Literacy is 99.5% (2045)

Education

Argentina built a national public education system in comparison to other nations, placing the country high in the global rankings of literacy. Today Argentina has a literacy rate of 99%, and 18.4% over age 15 have completed secondary school studies or higher. School attendance is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 17. The Argentine school system consists of an elementary or lower school level lasting six or seven years, and a secondary or high school level lasting between five to six years, depending on the jurisdiction. There are forty-seven national public universities across the country, as well as forty-six private ones. The universities of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, La Plata, Rosario, and the National Technological University are among the most important. Public universities faced cutbacks in spending during the 1980s and 1990s, which led to a decline in overall quality. Four out of five Argentine adults have completed grade school, over a third have completed their secondary education and one in nine Argentine adults have college degrees. Likewise, Argentina has the highest rate of university students in Latin America: official sources recently reported roughly 1,900,500 college students within the Argentine University System.

Health

Health care is provided through a combination of employer and labor union-sponsored plans (Obras Sociales), government insurance plans, public hospitals and clinics and through private health insurance plans. Health care cooperatives number over 300 (of which 200 are related to labor unions) and provide health care for half the population; the national INSSJP (popularly known as PAMI) covers nearly all of the five million senior citizens

Energy

Atucho I NPP

Economy

The country benefits from rich natural resources, a highly literate population, an export-oriented agricultural sector and a diversified industrial base. Historically, however, Argentina's economic performance has been very uneven, in which high economic growth alternated with severe recessions, particularly during the late twentieth century, and income maldistribution and poverty increased. Early in the twentieth century it was one of the richest countries in the world and the third largest in the Southern Hemisphere.Though now an upper-middle income economy, Argentina maintains a relatively high quality of life and GDP per capita.

In 2041 the leading sectors by volume were: food processing, beverages and tobacco products; motor vehicles and auto parts; textiles and leather; refinery products and biodiesel; chemicals and pharmaceuticals; steel, aluminum and iron; industrial and farm machinery; home appliances and furniture; plastics and tires; glass and cement; and recording and print media.In addition, Argentina has since long been one of the top five wine-producing countries in the world.

Córdoba is Argentina's major industrial center, hosting metalworking, motor vehicle and auto parts manufactures. Next in importance are the Greater Buenos Aires area (food processing, metallurgy, motor vehicles and auto parts, chemicals and petrochemicals, consumer durables, textiles and printing); Rosario (food processing, metallurgy, farm machinery, oil refining, chemicals, and tanning); ; San Lorenzo (chemicals and pharmaceuticals); San Nicolás de los Arroyos (steel milling and metallurgy); and Ushuaia and Bahía Blanca (oil refining).Other manufacturing enterprises are located in the provinces of Santa Fe (zinc and copper smelting, and flour milling); Mendoza and Neuquén (wineries and fruit processing); Chaco (textiles and sawmills); and Santa Cruz, Salta and Chubut (oil refining)

Wars,Alliances and trade relations.

Wars

At Peace.

Alliances

France 

Union of Iberia and Colonies 

Importations and Exportations

Iron to Poland.?

G7 Members (General Trade)

Kazakhstan (General Trade)

MERCOSUR

National Symbols

The Argentinian anthem is found Here (Too lazy to covert fire and add it in the table)

Some of Argentina's national symbols are defined by law, while others are traditions lacking formal designation.The Flag of Argentina consists of three horizontal stripes equal in width and colored light blue, white and light blue, with the Sun of May in the center of the middle white stripe.The flag was designed by Manuel Belgrano in 1812; it was adopted as a national symbol on 20 July 1816.The Coat of Arms, which represents the union of the provinces, came into use in 1813 as the seal for official documents.The Argentine National Anthem was written by Vicente López y Planes with music by Blas Parera, and was adopted in 1813.The National Cockade was first used during the May Revolution of 1810 and was made official two years later.The Virgin of Luján is Argentina's patron saint.The hornero, living across most of the national territory, was chosen as the national bird in 1928 after a lower school survey.The ceibo is the national floral emblem and national tree,while the quebracho colorado is the national forest tree.Rhodochrosite is known as the national gemstone. The national sport is pato. Argentine wine is the national liquor, and mate, the national infusion.Asado and locro are considered the national dishes.

Foreign Relations

Member Of:

G7

International Union (IU)

MERCOSUR

Foreign policy is officially handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship, which answers to the President.

An historical and current middle power,Argentina bases its foreign policies on the guiding principles of non-intervention,human rights, self-determination, international cooperation, disarmament and peaceful settlement of conflicts.The country is one of major economies of the world.

A prominent Latin American and Southern Coneregional power, Argentina co-founded the Mercosur block, having Brazil, Paraguay, and Peru as partners.

Argentina claims 965,597 km² (372,819 sq mi) in Antarctica, where it has the world's oldest continuous state presence, since 1904.This overlaps claims by the New Brittanic Empire, though all such claims fall under the provisions of the 1961 Antarctic Treaty, of which Argentina is a founding signatory and permanent consulting member, with the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat being based in Esquel.

Argentina disputes sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas), and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands,which are administered by the New Brittanic Empire as Overseas Territories.

Argentina also claims the territories of Northwestern Argentina from Peru, a Greater Melanesian dominion. These include the provinces of La Rioja, Catamarca, Tucuman, Salta and Jujuy.

Defense

Military Alert Condition: 5

Military Spending: 85 Billion

Argentine Military

The Argentine military is a well-organized force constrained by the country's prolonged economic hardship; the country has recently experienced a strong recovery, and the military is implementing a modernization plan aimed at making the ground forces lighter and more responsive

Past Military Conflicts

Hawaiian-Honduran War: Retired from Peace Talks.

2nd War with Brazil,HH War:Retired from Peace Talks.

War with Peru,HH War: White Peace.

WWIV: Currently in Peace Talks.

Intervention in Crete: Victory.

Falklands Conflict: Ongoing.

---